Counting the apples

On harvest day I picked apples from twelve trees. I had counted on fifty kilograms from each tree, which would make six hundred kilograms.

Harvest day: $12$ trees, and I counted on $50\mathrm{kg}$ from each, that is $12\times 50=600\mathrm{kg}$.

$12\times 50=600\mathrm{kg}$.

Ten trees gave their fifty kilograms. But the two young trees, planted only two years ago, gave twenty kilograms each. So the total was five hundred and forty kilograms, nine tenths of what I had expected.

$10$ trees gave $50\mathrm{kg}$, but the $2$ young trees gave $20\mathrm{kg}$ each: $10\times 50+2\times 20=540\mathrm{kg}$. That is $540÷600=0.9$ of what I expected.

$10\times 50+2\times 20=540\mathrm{kg}$, so $540÷600=0.9$.

We pack the apples in boxes of twenty kilograms. Five hundred and forty divided by twenty is twenty-seven boxes.

Boxes of $20\mathrm{kg}$: $540÷20=27$ boxes.

$540÷20=27$.

We sold three quarters of the apples, which is four hundred and five kilograms, and a hundred and thirty-five stayed at home. Every five kilograms of apples make two litres of juice, so from those that stayed we pressed fifty-four litres. Next year the young trees will give more.

We sold $\frac{3}{4}\times 540=405\mathrm{kg}$, so $540-405=135\mathrm{kg}$ stayed. Every $5\mathrm{kg}$ makes $2\mathrm{L}$ of juice: $135÷5\times 2=54\mathrm{L}$.

$\frac{3}{4}\times 540=405$, $540-405=135$, $135÷5\times 2=54\mathrm{L}$.